To ensure equity and accessibility of public health care in rural areas, the Chinese central government has launched a series of policies to motivate village doctors to provide basic public health services. Using chronic disease management and prevention as an example, this study aims to identify factors associated with village doctors’ basic public health services provision and to formulate targeted interventions in rural China.

Increasing public health care subsidies received by individual village doctors, availability and attendance of training opportunities, and integrated management and New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), a government-run voluntary insurance program for rural residents, contracting of village clinics are important factors in increasing basic public health services for chronic diseases provision in rural areas.