his report presents the first cross-sectional analysis of quality of care and patient safety in the WHO European Region. It is based on an analysis of macro-level data from international sources and the results of a WHO survey conducted in 53 Member States. The findings, based on forty-six indicators, are grouped into governance and health system functions, six dimensions of quality of care and population health outcomes. Critical gaps include limited implementation of national action plans and policies for quality of care and patient safety and wide variations in indicator outcomes for dimensions of quality of care, health system functions and population health outcomes across the Region. The report’s findings highlight the need for multidimensional quality improvement frameworks and a whole-system approach to quality of care to ensure sustainable, equitable and high-quality care for all.